Sensory seekers are individuals with an intense need for sensory experiences. They often crave stimuli that can be seen, heard, touched, smelled, or tasted. This need can be part of one’s personality or linked to specific neurodevelopmental conditions like autism, ADHD, or sensory processing disorders. Sensory seeking isn’t limited to children; adults can also exhibit these behaviours.
Sensory Processing Explained
Sensory processing involves how the brain interprets information from the senses. Our senses include sight, sound, touch, taste, smell, balance (vestibular), and body awareness (proprioception). For most people, this process happens effortlessly. However, individuals with sensory processing difficulties might find it hard to interpret and respond to these inputs effectively.
Who Are Sensory Seekers?
Characteristics of Sensory Seekers
Sensory seekers actively look for more sensory input to help them feel balanced and organised. Their behaviours can seem disruptive or excessive if not understood. Common characteristics include:
- Constant Movement: Enjoying activities that involve a lot of motion like running, jumping, or climbing.
- Love for Loud Noises: Preferring noisy environments or creating sounds themselves, such as drumming on surfaces.
- Touching Everything: Frequently touching objects, people, and even textures like fabrics and surfaces.
- Strong Visual Interest: Being drawn to bright lights, colours, or moving objects.
- Chewing or Licking: Often chewing on pencils, clothing, or other non-food items.
Why Do Individuals Seek Sensory Input?
Sensory seekers need extra input to feel calm and organised. Their brains require more sensory information to reach a level of alertness that feels comfortable. This input can also help them focus, manage stress, or simply feel pleasure from these experiences.
Conditions Linked to Sensory Seeking
While sensory seeking can be a standalone trait, it’s commonly associated with certain conditions. Understanding these links can provide insight into the behaviours of sensory seekers.
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Individuals with ASD often have sensory processing differences. Sensory seeking can be one way they manage their sensory environment. For example, they might engage in repetitive movements like hand-flapping or spinning to feel balanced.
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
People with ADHD may also seek sensory input. The additional sensory stimuli can help them maintain their focus and energy levels. Activities like fidgeting or chewing can be strategies to stay alert.
Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)
SPD involves difficulties in processing and responding to sensory information. Sensory seekers with SPD might require intense stimuli to reach a balanced sensory state. This disorder can manifest in varying degrees and affect each individual uniquely.
Impact on Daily Life
Challenges Faced by Sensory Seekers
Sensory seeking behaviours can sometimes disrupt daily life. They may interfere with routines, social interactions, or learning experiences. Understanding these challenges is vital for providing appropriate support.
- Educational Settings: Sensory seekers might find it hard to sit still or focus in a classroom. They need frequent breaks or sensory activities to stay engaged.
- Social Interactions: Touching others or seeking intense sensory input can be misunderstood as inappropriate behaviour. This can affect friendships and social acceptance.
- Home Environment: Sensory seeking can lead to safety concerns. For example, a child might climb unsafely or explore hazardous areas.
Strategies for Support
Supporting sensory seekers involves creating an environment that meets their sensory needs. Here are some practical strategies:
- Structured Sensory Activities: Incorporate regular sensory breaks throughout the day. This might include activities like jumping on a trampoline, playing with tactile toys, or deep-pressure tasks.
- Sensory-Friendly Spaces: Designate areas at home or school with sensory-friendly equipment. This could include weighted blankets, fidget tools, or soft lighting.
- Clear Communication: Educate peers, teachers, and family members about sensory seeking. Understanding these behaviours can foster a supportive and inclusive environment.
- Personalised Plans: Work with occupational therapists to develop individualised sensory diets. These plans outline specific activities and tools to provide appropriate sensory input.
Professional Support
Role of Occupational Therapists
Occupational therapists (OTs) play a crucial role in supporting sensory seekers. They assess sensory needs and develop tailored intervention plans. OTs can provide:
- Sensory Integration Therapy: This therapy helps individuals better process sensory information. It involves structured activities designed to challenge and support the sensory system.
- Education and Training: OTs educate caregivers, teachers, and individuals on managing sensory needs effectively. They offer practical advice and strategies for various settings.
- Monitoring and Adjustment: Regular assessments ensure that sensory plans remain effective and relevant. Adjustments are made based on ongoing observations and feedback.
Understanding Sensory Seekers
Sensory seeking is a behaviour where individuals actively seek out sensory experiences. These behaviours can manifest in different ways depending on age and specific needs. Let’s explore sensory seeking in various contexts, including toddlers, children, and adults.
Sensory Seeker Symptoms
Signs to Look For
While sensory seeking can look different for each individual, common symptoms include:
- Excessive Movement: Difficulty sitting still, always on the go.
- High Pain Threshold: Seeming unfazed by bumps or bruises.
- Touching Everything: Constantly touching people, textures, and objects.
- Noise Interests: Enjoying loud environments, making noise frequently.
- Chewing Habits: Gnawing on non-food items like toys or clothes.
Sensory Seeking Behaviour Examples
Everyday Scenarios
Here are some concrete examples of sensory seeking behaviour across different environments:
- In the Classroom: A child might tap their pencil repeatedly, fidget in their seat, or get up frequently during lessons.
- At Home: A toddler may climb on furniture, throw toys, or prefer rough-and-tumble play.
- In Social Settings: An individual might enjoy crowded, noisy places and seek out physical contact, such as hugs or high-fives.
What Causes Sensory Seeking Behaviour?
Underlying Factors
Various factors contribute to sensory seeking behaviours:
- Neurodevelopmental Conditions: Autism, ADHD, and sensory processing disorders can lead to increased sensory needs.
- Neurological Differences: The brain’s way of processing sensory information might require more intense stimuli to reach a state of comfort.
- Environmental Factors: Limited opportunities for sensory experiences can drive the need for sensory input when it becomes available.
Sensory Seeking Behaviour in a 2-Year-Old
At two years old, children’s sensory systems are still developing. Sensory seekers at this age may display strong preferences for certain sensations. They might frequently crave intense sensory input to help them feel balanced and organised.
Examples of Behaviour
- Movement: Constantly running, jumping, or climbing.
- Touch: Enjoying messy play with sand, mud, or paint.
- Oral Input: Chewing on toys, clothing, or fingers.
- Visual Stimulation: Fascination with spinning objects, like fans or wheels.
Sensory Seeker Child
Characteristics
A sensory seeker child might exhibit several specific traits:
- Hyperactivity: Always moving, exploring, and engaging in physical activities.
- Curiosity: Strong desire to touch, taste, and interact with their environment.
- Boldness: Willingness to engage in risky behaviours for the sake of sensory experiences.
Supporting Strategies
- Provide Regular Breaks: Incorporate sensory breaks into their routine with activities like jumping on a trampoline or playing with sensory bins.
- Create a Sensory-Friendly Space: Use tools such as weighted blankets, fidget toys, and soft lighting to create a calming environment.
- Educate Others: Help teachers, family members, and friends understand the child’s sensory needs.
Sensory Seeker Toddler
Behavioural Patterns
Sensory seeking toddlers may particularly show:
- Constant Exploration: Climbing furniture, pulling objects off shelves, and exploring every nook and cranny.
- Preference for Strong Tastes: Enjoying spicy, crunchy, or tangy foods.
- Repetitive Movements: Spinning, rocking back and forth, or waving their hands.
Managing Sensory Needs
- Safe Play Areas: Ensure the environment is safe for exploration, with soft surfaces and baby-proofed furniture.
- Engaging Activities: Incorporate playdough, water tables, and other sensory-rich toys into their daily play.
- Positive Reinforcement: Encourage and reward appropriate sensory behaviours.
Sensory Seeking Adults
Recognising the Behaviour
Adults can also be sensory seekers, though they may find more socially acceptable ways to seek sensory input. Common signs include:
- Fidgeting: Using fidget spinners, stress balls, or pen-clicking.
- Exercise: Engaging in intense physical activities like running, weightlifting, or rock climbing.
- Habits: Enjoying spicy foods, listening to loud music, or seeking out high-adrenaline activities.
Coping Strategies
- Structured Sensory Input: Schedule regular physical activity, such as yoga or gym sessions, to satisfy sensory needs.
- Workplace Adjustments: Use tools like standing desks, noise-cancelling headphones, or stress-relief gadgets.
- Mindfulness Practices: Engage in activities like meditation or deep-breathing exercises to maintain sensory balance.
Sensory Seeker Activities
Tailored Activities
Here are some activities designed specifically for sensory seekers:
For Toddlers and Young Children:
- Sensory bins with rice, beans, or sand.
- Obstacle courses with crawling tunnels and climbing structures.
- Water play with bubbles and sponges.
For Older Children:
- Trampoline jumping or swing set play.
- Arts and crafts involving different textures like clay, glitter, and glue.
- Interactive video games that involve physical movement.
For Adults:
- High-intensity sports like kickboxing, football, or dance.
- DIY projects that involve tactile elements, such as woodworking or gardening.
- Sensory kits with items like textured fabrics, scented candles, and stress-relief tools.
Conclusion
Sensory seeking is a natural and necessary behaviour for many individuals. It’s a way to balance sensory input and feel comfortable in one’s environment. While it can sometimes pose challenges, understanding and supporting sensory needs can make a significant difference.
Sensory seeking behaviour is a complex and multifaceted issue that can affect individuals of all ages. By understanding the specific needs and characteristics of sensory seekers, you can better support them in various environments. Whether dealing with young children, older children, or adults, tailored strategies and activities can make a significant difference in managing and fulfilling their sensory needs. This approach not only helps sensory seekers feel more comfortable and satisfied but also promotes a more inclusive and understanding environment for everyone.
By recognising the characteristics of sensory seekers and implementing supportive strategies, we can create inclusive environments that cater to these unique sensory needs. Whether in educational settings, social interactions, or at home, acknowledging and addressing sensory seeking behaviour promotes well-being and enhances the quality of life for those affected.
