This guide will help you answer 3.2 Identify when it may be necessary to refer to others when supporting individuals with mental ill health.
Recognising when to refer an individual to other services or professionals is crucial. This ensures the individual receives the appropriate support and care and acknowledges the limitations of your role. Let’s delve deeper into when and why referral to others may be necessary.
Recognising Your Limits
First and foremost, understand the boundaries of your role as a Mental Health First Aider (MHFA). You are trained to provide initial support, not to diagnose or offer long-term therapy. If you find yourself in a situation where the needs of the individual exceed your training, it’s time to refer them to a qualified professional.
Signs of Severe Mental Health Issues
Certain signs indicate that an individual may be experiencing severe mental health issues, which require professional intervention. These signs include:
- Persistent depressive symptoms lasting more than two weeks.
- Symptoms of psychosis, such as hallucinations or delusions.
- Suicidal thoughts or behaviours.
- Self-harm or expressions of intent to self-harm.
- Extreme anxiety or panic attacks.
- Substance abuse that’s impacting their daily functioning.
If you observe any of these signs, referring the individual to a healthcare professional is crucial.
The Role of Risk Assessment
As an MHFA, you must continually assess the risk posed to the individual and others around them. If you determine that the person poses immediate danger to themselves or others, it is crucial to act swiftly. High-risk situations include:
- Expressing or showing intent to commit suicide.
- Harmful behaviours towards others.
- Severe self-harm.
In such high-risk situations, referring to emergency services or crisis intervention teams becomes necessary. Dialling 999 or seeking urgent medical care might be appropriate actions.
When to Refer to Human Resources (HR)
In a workplace setting, it may also be vital to involve Human Resources (HR). Specific scenarios necessitate HR intervention, such as:
- The mental health issue affects the individual’s job performance or team dynamics.
- The individual needs workplace adjustments.
- Issue of prolonged absenteeism due to mental health concerns.
- Employee conflict arising from mental health-related issues.
Refer the individual to HR for further support and potential reasonable adjustments in their work environment.
Confidentiality and Consent
Confidentiality is a cornerstone of mental health support. However, in certain situations, you might need to breach confidentiality, especially if someone’s life is at risk. Always aim to gain the person’s consent where possible before making a referral. Explain the reasons clearly and empathetically. If they refuse, but you believe they are at significant risk, you might need to take action without their consent, prioritising safety.
Types of Professionals to Refer To
General Practitioner (GP)
A GP is often the first step for someone seeking help for mental health issues. They can:
- Provide initial assessments and diagnoses.
- Prescribe medication if necessary.
- Refer to specialist services.
Mental Health Specialists
Depending on the need, a GP might refer the individual to:
- Psychiatrists for complex mental health issues requiring medical intervention.
- Psychologists for psychological therapy.
- Counsellors for talking therapies aimed at exploring emotions and experiences.
- Occupational therapists specialising in mental health to help with functioning in daily activities.
Counselling and Therapy Services
Some individuals might benefit from talking therapies, such as:
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT).
- Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT).
- Psychodynamic Therapy.
If the person shows a need for in-depth psychological support, guiding them towards these resources is appropriate.
Employee Assistance Programmes (EAP)
Many workplaces offer Employee Assistance Programmes. These services often include confidential counselling, wellness resources, and support services. If your workplace has an EAP, it is a valuable resource for employees needing support.
Voluntary and Third Sector Organisations
Numerous charities and voluntary organisations provide mental health support, such as:
- Mind.
- Samaritans.
- Anxiety UK.
- Rethink Mental Illness.
These organisations offer helplines, advocacy, counselling, and other support services.
Supporting the Referral Process
When referring someone, ensure you:
- Explain why the referral is beneficial.
- Provide specifics on who they will be referred to.
- Offer to accompany them to initial appointments if appropriate.
- Reassure them that seeking further help is a positive, proactive step.
Documentation and Follow-Up
Documenting your concerns and the actions taken is vital. Make confidential notes on:
- The observed signs or behaviours.
- The conversation held with the individual.
- The referral made and any responses received.
Follow up with the individual to check on their well-being and how they are finding the support. This can provide reassurance and demonstrate ongoing care and concern.
Conclusion
Identifying when to refer an individual to others when supporting them with mental ill health is an essential skill for an MHFA. Recognise your limits, understand the signs of severe mental health issues, perform risk assessments, and understand the referral options available. Remember, the primary goal is to ensure the individual receives the most appropriate and effective support to foster their well-being.
